Gardening Glossary Terms
Gardening Glossary Terms

Gardening Glossary: 650+ Terms for Beginners

Pops of Petals Updated on

Our gardening glossary has over 650 gardening terms! It’s a practical reference for beginners who want to expand their knowledge or just look up a quick gardening definition. We cover cultivation strategies, plant science, botanical information, gardening techniques, landscaping, garden design, tools, and more.

Gardening terminology varies by region or type of plants being grown.

Gardening Terms

Use the alphabetical tabs to sort.

  • Accent Plant: An accent plant is a decorative or ornamental plant that adds interest to a particular area, such as a garden, yard, or indoor space.
  • Acidic Soil: Acidic soil is a soil with a low pH of less than 7.
  • Acid Medium: An acidic medium is a chemical environment that is acidic in nature. This means that the pH level of the medium is lower than 7.
  • Acid Rain: Acid rain is precipitation containing high levels of acidic components, typically due to pollutants in the atmosphere.
  • Acre: Acre is a unit of land area commonly used in the United States and other countries. It is equal to 43,560 square feet or 4,840 square yards.
  • Adaptation: Adaptation is the process by which a plant or species makes genetic changes to better suit its environment.
  • Adventitious: Adventitious refers to the development of plant structures in unusual or atypical locations, such as roots growing from a stem or leaf. These structures are not part of the plant’s normal growth pattern and can develop as a response to stress or injury.
  • Aeration: Aeration is the process of introducing air into the soil, often by making holes or using special tools, to improve soil drainage and encourage root growth.
  • Aerial Root: Arial roots are roots that grow above the ground or water in certain plant species and absorb moisture and nutrients from the air.
  • Aerobic: Aerobic refers to processes that occur in the presence of oxygen such as composting or decomposition.
  • Aggregate: Aggregate is material such as sand, gravel, perlite, or vermiculite added to soil to improve its structure and drainage. Aggregates are often mixed into soil to create a looser, lighter texture, allowing for better aeration and water retention.
  • Aggregate Culture: Aggregate culture is an advanced horticultural practice incorporating organic substances such as compost, perlite, and peat moss into the soil.
  • Agriculture: Agriculture is the science, art, and practice of cultivating the soil, producing crops, and raising livestock.
  • Air Layering: Air layering is a plant propagation method that induces roots to form on a stem while it is still attached to the parent plant. The bark is removed from the parent plant, new roots grow in this area, and then the stem is cut below the new roots to form a new plant.
  • Alkaline Soil: Alkaline soil is soil with a high pH level of more than 7.
  • Allee: Allee is a formal planting design in which trees are often arranged in two parallel rows to create a shaded walkway or avenue.
  • Allelopathy: Allelopathy is a biological phenomenon by which a plant produces one or more biochemicals that influence the germination, growth, survival, and reproduction of other organisms. Plants with allelopathic properties may be toxic to other nearby plants, as well as to people, pets, and livestock.
  • Alternate: Alternate refers to the pattern of leaves along a stem in which they emerge one at a time.
  • Amendment: An amendment is a material added to soil to improve its physical properties. For example, amending with compost improves soil water retention, permeability, water infiltration, drainage, aeration, and structure.
  • Anaerobic: Anaerobic refers to processes that occur without the presence of oxygen.
  • Anchor Plant: An anchor plant is a prominent plant or tree used as a focal point to draw attention and organize the landscape around it. Anchor plants are typically larger, have striking features, and provide structure to garden designs.
  • Annual: Annual plants complete a life cycle in one growing season, then die. Gardeners must replant annuals each year.
  • Anther: An anther is the part of a flower’s stamen that contains the pollen.
  • Aphids: Aphids are small, sap-sucking insects often found on the undersides of leaves that harm plants.
  • Apical: Apical pertains to the tip or apex of a plant.
  • Apical Dominance: Apical dominance is the tendency of an individual plant to grow primarily from a single, dominant apex, thereby inhibiting the growth of lateral buds.
  • Aquatic Plants: Aquatic plants are adapted to living in water environments, either partially or fully submerged.
  • Arbor: Arbor is a structure in a garden, often made from wood or metal, that plants can climb on. Arbors provide a focal point and support for climbing plants.
  • Arboretum: An arboretum is a botanical garden focused primarily on trees and shrubs intended for scientific study and educational purposes.
  • Arborist: An arborist is a professional trained in the cultivation, management, and study of trees, shrubs, and other perennial woody plants.
  • Asexual Propagation: Asexual propagation is the process of reproducing plants without seeds using methods like cuttings, layering, or division.
  • Atrium: An atrium is an open-roofed entrance hall or central court in a building used to house plants in an indoor garden.
  • Auxin: Auxin is a class of plant hormones that regulate growth, particularly by promoting stem elongation, root formation, and bud growth.
  • Axil: The axil is an angle between the upper side of the stem and a leaf, branch, or petiole.
  • Baby Greens: Baby greens are young, tender leaves of salad greens harvested early in their growth cycle.
  • Backbulb: A backbulb is an older, often leafless, pseudobulb on an orchid used for plant propagation.
  • Backfill: Backfill is soil or other material used to fill in around a newly planted tree or shrub.
  • Bale: A bale is a compact bundle of material, often straw or hay, used in gardening for mulching or as a growing medium.
  • Bare Root: Bare root refers to the method of packaging and selling plants without soil around the roots, often used for mail-order plants or seasonal stock.
  • Bearded: Bearded describes flowers, especially irises, with hair-like growths on their falls.
  • Bedding: Bedding is the arrangement of plants in a temporary garden display.
  • Bedding Plant: Bedding plants refers to plants grown in containers or trays and transplanted into garden beds for seasonal display.
  • Beginner Gardening: Beginner gardening is a type of gardening tailored for those new to the activity. Beginner gardening focuses on basic techniques and easy-to-grow plants.
  • Beneficial Insects: Beneficial insects such as bees, ladybugs, and earthworms help pollination, pest control, and soil health.
  • Berm: A berm is a raised bank or mound of earth used for landscaping or irrigation.
  • Bicolor: Bicolor refers to flowers or leaves displaying two distinct colors.
  • Biennial: Biennial plants complete a life cycle over two growing seasons. Biennial plants typically have vegetative growth in the first year and flower in the second year.
  • Bigeneric: Bigeneric refers to a hybrid plant derived from two different genera.
  • Binomial Nomenclature: Binomial nomenclature is the system of naming species with a two-part Latin name consisting of the genus name followed by the species descriptor.
  • Biocontrol (Biological Pest Control): Biocontrol refers to the use of living organisms, such as beneficial insects or pathogens, to control pest populations.
  • Biodegradable: Biodegradable refers to materials that can break down naturally and safely into the environment.
  • Bipinnate: Bipinnate refers to leaflets arranged on both sides of a common axis, which are divided.
  • Black Spot: Black spot is a fungal disease characterized by dark, circular spots on leaves. Black spot disease is common in roses.
  • Blade: A blade refers to the broad, flat part of a leaf.
  • Blanching: Blanching is the process of excluding light from a plant to prevent chlorophyll formation which softens or sweetens the plant.
  • Blight: Blight is a type of plant disease that causes discoloration, wilting, and death of plant tissues.
  • Bloom: Bloom refers to the flower of a plant or the process of flowering.
  • Blossom End Rot: Blossom end rot is a calcium deficiency in fruit characterized by a dark, rotted spot at the blossom end. Blossom end rot is often observed on tomatoes.
  • Bole: A bole is the trunk of a tree.
  • Bolting: Bolting refers to the rapid, premature flowering of a plant that leads to reduced yield.
  • Bone Meal: Bone meal is a fertilizer made from ground animal bones rich in phosphorous.
  • Bonsai: Bonsai is the art of growing and sculpting miniature trees in pots in which their size and shape are controlled for aesthetic purposes.
  • Border: A border is a strip of plants (usually flowers) along the edge of a garden, pathway, or lawn.
  • Boss: The boss refers to the central part of a composite flower, often contrasting in color or texture.
  • Botanical: Botanical refers to the science of botany or a characteristic derived from plants.
  • Botanical Name: A botanical name is the scientific name of a plant, consisting of the genus and species, and sometimes variety or cultivar.
  • Bottom Heat: Bottom heat is warmth applied to the base of plant containers to promote germination and growth.
  • Bract: A bract is a specialized leaf or leaf-like part usually situated below a flower or inflorescence.
  • Brassicas: Brassicas is a genus of plants in the mustard family, including cabbage, kale, and broccoli.
  • Breaking Bud: Breaking Bud refers to the initial phase of bud opening.
  • Broadcast Seeding (Broadcast Sowing): Broadcast seeding is a method of sowing seeds by scattering them over a large area manually or with a mechanical spreader.
  • Broadcast Spreader: A broadcast spreader is a tool that evenly distributes seeds, fertilizer, or other granular materials across the soil.
  • Brown Rot: Brown rot is a fungal disease that affects fruits by turning them brown and soft.
  • BT (Bacillus thuringiensis): BT, or Bacillus thuringiensis, is a naturally occurring bacterium used as a biological pesticide.
  • Bud: A bud is a small protuberance on a plant stem or branch that develops into a flower, leaf, or shoot.
  • Bud Eye: A bude eye is a dormant bud on a plant from which a new shoot or flower can grow.
  • Bud Union: A bud union is a point on a plant where the bud has been grafted onto the rootstock, which is often seen in roses.
  • Bulb: A bulb is a rounded underground stem that functions as an organ that stores nutrients and energy for plant growth.
  • Bulbil: A bulbil is a small bulb-like structure capable of developing into a new plant usually found in the axil of a leaf.
  • Bulblet: A bullet is a small bulb arising from the base or axil of a larger bulb.
  • Burlap: Burlap is a coarse cloth used to wrap the roots of trees and shrubs during transplanting.
  • Bush: Bush refers to a low, densely branched shrub.
  • Buttress Roots: Buttress roots are large, wide, and shallow surface roots that provide additional support to some tall trees.
  • Calcitic Limestone: Calcitic Limestone is a soil amendment used to raise pH by providing calcium carbonate.
  • Caliche: Caliche is a hardened soil or sedimentary rock rich in calcium carbonate often found in arid regions.
  • Callus: A callus is a thickened tissue that aids in root formation by forming over a wound on a plant or at the base of a cutting.
  • Calyx: A calyx is the outer protective layer of a flower composed of sepals.
  • Cambium: Cambium is a layer of tissue in plants that produces new cells for growth.
  • Cane: A cane is a long, slender stem found on certain plants like raspberries and roses.
  • Canker: A canker is a type of fungal or bacterial disease that causes sunken or dead areas on branches or trunks.
  • Canopy: A canopy is the upper layer of foliage in a forest or garden formed by tree crowns.
  • Capillary Action: Capillary action is the movement of water within the roots, stems, and leaves of plants by the forces of adhesion, cohesion, and surface tension.
  • Capsule: A capsule is a dry fruit that opens when mature to release seeds.
  • Carnivorous Plant: A carnivorous plant refers to a plant that derives nutrients from trapping and consuming animals or insects.
  • Catkin: A catkin is a slim, cylindrical flower cluster with inconspicuous or no petals that is usually wind-pollinated.
  • Chelation: Chelation is a process that forms a complex with metal ions to make nutrients more available to plants.
  • Children’s Gardening: Children’s gardening refers to activities designed for children that focus on simplicity and education.
  • Chitting: Chitting is the process of pre-sprouting seeds before planting, particularly potatoes.
  • Chlorophyll: Chlorophyll is a green pigment in plants that absorbs light to provide energy for photosynthesis.
  • Chlorosis: Chlorosis is a condition in which leaves produce insufficient chlorophyll causing them to turn yellow.
  • Cladode: A cladode is a type of stem that resembles and functions as a leaf.
  • Clay Aggregate: Clay aggregate is expanded clay pellets that are used as a lightweight, porous growing medium.
  • Climber: A climber refers to a plant that grows upwards by clinging to or twining around a support.
  • Cloche: A cloche is a transparent cover used to protect plants from cold.
  • Clone: A clone is a plant produced asexually from a single ancestor, genetically identical to the parent plant.
  • Club Root: A club root is a disease caused by a soil-dwelling fungus, leading to swollen, distorted roots.
  • Cold Composing: Cold composting is a method that is slower and occurs at lower temperatures, without active management.
  • Cold Frame: An unheated outdoor structure with a transparent roof used to protect plants from cold weather.
  • Cold Stratification: Cold stratification is the process of exposing seeds to cold and moist conditions to simulate the natural winter environment.
  • Cole Crops: Cole crops are vegetables in the mustard family, such as cabbage, broccoli, and kale.
  • Common Name: A common name refers to the non-scientific name of a plant, which can vary by region.
  • Compaction: Compaction is the process by which soil particles are pressed together, reducing aeration and permeability.
  • Companion Planting: Companion planting is the practice of planting different crops in proximity to control pests, pollinate, provide habitat for beneficial creatures, maximize the use of space, and increase crop productivity.
  • Compost: Compost is decomposed organic material used as a soil amendment to improve soil fertility.
  • Compost Heap: A compost heap is a pile of organic waste collected and allowed to decompose into compost.
  • Compost Tea: Compost tea is a liquid fertilizer made by steeping compost in water.
  • Compound Flower: A compound flower consists of several florets that give the appearance of a single flower.
  • Compound Leaf: A compound leaf is divided into several leaflets attached to a single stem.
  • Cool Season Crop: A cool season crop refers to plants that grow best in the cooler parts of the growing season, such as spring and fall.
  • Conifer: A conifer is a type of tree or shrub that bears cones and evergreen needles.
  • Conservatory: A conservatory is a type of greenhouse used for the display of plants and flowers.
  • Contact Weed Killer: A contact weed killer is an herbicide that kills only the plant parts it touches without systemic action.
  • Container Gardening: Container gardening refers to growing plants exclusively in containers (pots/planters) instead of planting them in the ground.
  • Coppicing: Coppicing is a traditional method of woodland management that involves periodically cutting trees down to ground level to promote new growth.
  • Cordon: Cordon is a method of training plants to grow in a straight line, often used for fruit trees and vines.
  • Corm: A corm is a short, vertical, swollen underground plant stem that serves as a storage organ.
  • Core Aeration: Core aeration is the process of removing plugs of soil from a lawn to improve air and water penetration.
  • Corolla: Corolla collectively refers to all the petals on a flower.
  • Cotyledon: A cotyledon is the first leaf or pair of leaves that emerge from the seed upon germination.
  • Cover Crop: A cover crop is a crop grown primarily to add nutrients and organic matter to the soil, not for harvesting.
  • Creeper: A creeper refers to a plant that grows along the ground or other surfaces by extending runners.
  • Crested: Crested is a term that describes a plant or flower with a tufted or wavy growth form.
  • Crop: A crop is a plant or plant product that can be grown and harvested for profit or subsistence.
  • Crop Rotation: Crop rotation is the practice of growing different types of crops in the same area in sequential seasons to improve soil health and reduce pest and disease problems.
  • Cross: Cross refers to the process of breeding plants or animals from different varieties or species.
  • Cross-pollination: Cross-pollination refers to the transfer of pollen from the flower of one plant to the flower of a plant having a different genetic makeup.
  • Crown: A crown is the part of a plant at the soil surface from which new shoots or leaves are produced.
  • Culinary Herb: A culinary herb is a plant used in cooking for flavoring purposes.
  • Cultivar: A cultivar refers to a plant variety that has been produced by selective breeding.
  • Cultivate: Cultivate refers to preparing and using land for gardening or crops.
  • Cultivation: The act of caring for and growing plants by preparing the soil for planting.
  • Curculio: A curculio is a type of weevil that is known to attack fruits like plums, apples, and nuts.
  • Cut and Come Again: Cut and come again refers to a plant that continues to produce more flowers once harvested.
  • Cut Back: To cut back refers to pruning a plant by cutting its stems down to the base to promote new growth.
  • Cutting Garden: A cutting garden is a type of garden in which flowering plants are grown and harvested for fresh flowers used in arrangments, bouquets, or crafts.
  • Cuttings: Cuttings are pieces of plant stem, root, or leaf used to propagate new plants.
  • Cyme: A cyme is a flat-topped or rounded flower cluster where the central flowers open first.
  • Damping Off: A fungal disease that affects seedlings, causing them to rot at the base and collapse.
  • Dappled Shade: Light filtered through tree leaves, creating a mix of sun and shade.
  • Days to Emerge: “Days to Emerge” refers to the number of days it takes for a seed to sprout and appear above the soil.
  • Days to Harvest: “Days to Harvest” refers to the number of days from planting to when a crop is ready to be harvested.
  • Days to Maturity: “Days to Maturity” refers to the number of days from planting to when a plant reaches its full growth and begins to produce.
  • Deadheading: Deadheading is the process of removing spent flowers from a plant to encourage more blooms and prevent seed production.
  • Decay Cycle: A decay cycle refers to the natural process of organic material breaking down into simpler substances.
  • Deciduous: Deciduous refers to plants that lose their leaves seasonally, usually in the fall.
  • Deep Shade: Deep shade refers to areas with little or no direct sunlight.
  • Defoliate: To defoliate means to remove leaves from a plant naturally or artificially.
  • Degradation: Degradation refers to the breakdown of soil or plant material, leading to loss of quality or structure.
  • Demineralization: Demineralization is the loss or removal of minerals from soil or plant tissues.
  • Desiccate: To desiccate a plant means to dry it out completely, leading to the death or dormancy of plant tissues.
  • Determinate Plants: Determinate plants are those that grow to a fixed size and produce all their fruit at once.
  • Dethatch: To dethatch means to remove the layer of dead grass and roots (thatch) from a lawn.
  • Detritus: Detritus is organic debris from decaying plants and animals.
  • Dibble: A dibble is a small hand tool used to make holes in the soil for seeds or seedlings.
  • Dicot – A dicot is a plant with two embryonic seed leaves or cotyledons.
  • Dieback: Dieback is the gradual death of plant branches or shoots starting at the tips.
  • Dioecious: Dioecious refers to plant species with male and female reproductive organs on different plants.
  • Direct Seeding (Direct Sow): Direct seeding is sowing seeds directly into the soil in the garden where they are to grow.
  • Disbudding: Disbudding is the removal of flower buds to improve the growth of remaining buds or to shape the plant.
  • Disc: A disc refers to the central part of a composite flower head, often made up of numerous small florets.
  • Disease Resistance: Disease resistance refers to a plant’s ability to prevent or overcome disease infection.
  • Disease Tolerance: Disease tolerance refers to a plant’s ability to endure disease without significant damage or yield loss.
  • Diurnal: Diurnal refers to plants or insects that are active during the daytime.
  • Division (Dividing): Division is a method of plant propagation that involves separating and replanting parts of an existing plant.
  • Dolomitic Limestone: Dolomitic limestone is a soil amendment containing calcium and magnesium carbonates used to increase the pH level of the soil.
  • Dormancy: Dormancy is a period in a plant’s life cycle when growth, development, and physical activity are temporarily inactive.
  • Double Digging: Double digging is a method of preparing the soil for planting by removing the top layer of soil, loosening the soil beneath, and then replacing the top layer.
  • Double Flower: A double flower refers to a flower with extra petals, often appearing fuller and more elaborate.
  • Double Potting: Double potting is the act of placing a smaller pot inside a larger one for additional insulation or moisture control.
  • Downy Mildew: Downy mildew is a fungal disease causing a fuzzy white or gray coating on the undersides of leaves.
  • Drainage: Drainage refers to the ability of soil to allow water to flow through it.
  • Drift: A drift is a naturalistic planting technique where groups of the same plant species or variety are arranged to flow or sweep through a garden bed, mimicking how plants might grow in nature.
  • Drill: A drill is a shallow trench or furrow made in soil for planting seeds.
  • Drip Irrigation: Drip irrigation is a method of irrigation that conserves water by slowly delivering water directly to the plant roots through a network of pipes, tubes, and emitters.
  • Drip Line: A drip line is the outermost circumference of a tree’s canopy where water tends to drip from the leaves.
  • Drought Tolerant: Drought tolerant refers to plants that can survive with minimal watering.
  • Drupe: A drupe is a fruit with a single seed enclosed in a hard pit surrounded by fleshy fruit, like a cherry.
  • Dwarf Plant: A dwarf plant is a variety of plant species that is genetically smaller than typical specimens.
  • Dynamic Accumulators: Dynamic accumulators are plants that draw up nutrients from deep in the soil, improving soil fertility when composted.
  • Earth Up: To “earth up” means to pile soil around the base of a plant to stabilize it or cover tubers.
  • Earthworms: Earthworms are beneficial worms that aerate the soil and improve nutrient availability as they tunnel through the soil.
  • Ecosystem: An ecosystem refers to a community of living organisms in conjunction with the nonliving components of their environment, interacting as a system. In gardening, this often refers to the balance of different species and elements within a garden.
  • Edging: Edging is the practice of creating clean lines around garden beds or along pathways, often using stone, metal, or wood, to define different areas of the landscape.
  • Efflorescence: Efflorescence refers to the white, powdery deposits of salts on the surface of soil or masonry, resulting from water movement.
  • Embankment: An embankment is a raised bank or wall that may be used in gardens to control or direct water flow or to create different levels within the landscape.
  • Endemic: Endemic refers to plants or animals native to a specific place or region, adapted to its environment, and not naturally found elsewhere.
  • Enrichment: Enrichment refers to adding nutrients or organic matter to the soil to improve fertility and provide better conditions for plant growth.
  • Epiphyte: An epiphyte is a plant that grows non-parasitically upon another plant (such as a tree) and derives its moisture and nutrients from the air, rain, and sometimes from debris accumulating around it.
  • Ericaceous: Ericaceous refers to plants that require acidic soil conditions, typically belonging to the heath or heather family.
  • Erosion: Erosion is the process by which soil and rock are removed from the Earth’s surface by natural processes such as wind or water flow, and then transported and deposited in other locations.
  • Escape Plant: An escape plant is a plant that has spread from cultivated areas to grow wild in the surrounding environment.
  • Espalier: Espalier is a horticultural technique used to train trees through pruning and tying branches to form a flat plane, often against a wall or fence. This is commonly used for fruit trees to maximize space and increase sun exposure.
  • Etiolation: Etiolation is the process of a plant becoming elongated and pale due to lack of sunlight.
  • Evapotranspiration (ET): Evapotranspiration is the process by which water is transferred from the land to the atmosphere by evaporation from the soil and other surfaces and by transpiration from plants.
  • Everbearing: Everbearing refers to plants that produce fruit or flowers in multiple flushes throughout the growing season.
  • Everblooming: Everblooming refers to plants that flower continuously throughout the growing season.
  • Evergreen: Evergreen refers to plants that maintain their leaves throughout the year, as opposed to deciduous plants that shed leaves seasonally.
  • Everlasting: Everlasting refers to flowers that retain their shape and color when dried.
  • Exotic: Exotic plants refer to plants that are not native and have been introduced from another region or country. They are often ornamental, but in some cases, exotic plants can become invasive.
  • Extension: An extension is an advisory service universities or local counties provide to disseminate information about agriculture, gardening, and home economics. It is often referred to as “Cooperative Extension Services.”
  • Eye: An eye is the growth point on a tuber or bulb from which new shoots or stems grow.
  • F1 Hybrid: An F1 hybrid is the first generation offspring of a cross between two genetically distinct parent plants.
  • F2 Hybrid: An F2 hybrid is the second generation, produced by self-pollinating or cross-pollinating F1 hybrids.
  • Fairy Ring: A fairy ring is a naturally occurring circle or arc of mushrooms.
  • Fallow: A fallow is farmland plowed and harrowed but left unsown for a period to restore its fertility as part of a crop rotation or avoid surplus production.
  • Fasciation: Fasciation refers to the abnormal flattening of stems or flowers usually caused by genetic mutation or infection.
  • Feeder Roots: Feeder roots are the small, fine roots of a plant that are primarily responsible for absorbing water and nutrients from the soil.
  • Fertilizer: Fertilizer is a substance added to soil to supply nutrients essential for plant growth.
  • Fescue: Fescue is a genus of grasses, often used in lawn and turf applications.
  • Fibrous Roots: Fibrous roots refer to a root system comprising many small roots and rootlets offering strong anchorage and efficient nutrient and water absorption.
  • Field Grown: Field grown refers to plants cultivated directly in the ground rather than in containers.
  • Flat: A flat is a shallow container used for sowing seeds, rooting cuttings, or holding several potted plants.
  • Floating Row Cover: A floating row cover is a lightweight fabric used to protect plants from pests and frost.
  • Floret: A floret is a small flower, especially one of many florets that make up a composite flower or inflorescence.
  • Floricane: A floricane is a mature stem (second year) on raspberry and blackberry plants that bears fruit.
  • Flower Gardening: Flower gardening refers to the cultivation and maintenance of flowering plants.
  • Flower Spike: A flower spike is a type of inflorescence with flowers along a central stem.
  • Foliage: Foliage refers to the leaves of a plant.
  • Foliar Feeding: Foliar feeding is a technique of feeding plants by applying liquid fertilizer directly to their leaves. It is also known as “Foliar Fertilizing.”
  • Forcing: Forcing is a technique used to induce plants to flower out of their normal season or sequence by manipulating light, temperature, and water.
  • Foundation Planting: Foundation planting refers to landscaping with plants around the base of a home or building.
  • Frond: A frond is the leaf or leaf-like part of a palm, fern, or similar plant.
  • Frost: Frost is a coating or deposit of ice that may form on objects in still air, especially at night, from water vapor in the air.
  • Frost Date: A frost date is the average date of the last light freeze in spring or the first light freeze in fall for a given area that is used as a guide for planting.
  • Frost Hardy: Frost hardy refers to plants capable of withstanding freezing temperatures without damage.
  • Frost Tender: Frost tender refers to plants that are damaged or killed by freezing temperatures.
  • Frost Tolerant Crop: A frost tolerant crop is a crop that survives light frost conditions.
  • FrostSensitive Crop: A frost-sensitive crop is a crop that is damaged by frost.
  • Fruit: A fruit is the mature ovary of a flowering plant, usually containing seeds.
  • Fruit Flies: Fruit Flies are small flies that infest and lay eggs in fruit.
  • Fruit Gardening: Fruit gardening refers to the cultivation of fruit-bearing plants for consumption.
  • Fruit Set: Fruit set refers to the stage in plant development during which the flowers develop into fruit.
  • Full Shade: Full shade refers to areas that receive only indirect or filtered light.
  • Full Sun: Full sun refers to an area that receives at least six hours of direct sunlight each day, ideal for many plants.
  • Fungicide: A fungicide is a chemical compound used to kill or inhibit the growth of fungi that can harm plants.
  • Fungus: A fungus is a group of spore-producing organisms feeding on organic matter, including molds, yeast, mushrooms, and toadstools.
  • Furrow: A furrow is a narrow groove made in the soil to plant seeds or irrigation.
  • Fusarium: Fusarium is a genus of fungi that can cause diseases in plants.
  • Gall: A gall refers to an abnormal, bump-like growth on plants caused by various organisms (e.g., insects, fungi).
  • Garden: A garden is an area of land used for the cultivation of plants.
  • Garden Design: Garden design is the art and process of creating plans for the layout and planting of gardens and landscapes, often according to a theme or style.
  • Garden Designer: A garden designer is a professional who plans and designs gardens.
  • Gardener: A gardener is someone who practices gardening, either professionally or as a hobby.
  • Garden Flat: A garden flat (or flat) is used for starting seeds or holding several small potted plants.
  • Garden Fork: A garden fork is a tool with a handle and several short, sturdy tines, used for loosening, lifting, and turning over soil in gardening.
  • Garden Plans: Garden plans are schematics or detailed drawings for the layout of a garden.
  • Gardening: Gardening is the practice of cultivating and tending to plants, particularly in a garden setting.
  • Gazebo: A gazebo is a freestanding, open-sided structure often used in gardens for relaxation or as a decorative feature. A gazebo’s shape is usually an octagon or oval.
  • Genus: A genus is a rank in the biological classification system that is above species and below family, used to group closely related species.
  • Germination: Germination is the process by which a seed develops into a new plant.
  • Geotropism: Geotropism is the growth of a plant in response to gravity.
  • Gibberellin: Gibberellin is a plant hormone that promotes the growth and elongation of cells.
  • Girdling: Girdling is a method of killing trees or controlling their growth by removing a ring of bark from around their circumference.
  • Glabrous: Glabrous refers to having a surface free from hair or down.
  • Glasshouse: A glasshouse is a greenhouse made of glass.
  • Glaucous: Glaucous refers to a plant coating or bloom that is waxy, pale-blueish, or greenish.
  • Glochid: A glochid is a small, barbed hair or spine found on some cacti.
  • GMO (Genetically Modified Organism): A GMO refers to an organism whose genetic material has been altered using genetic engineering techniques.
  • Grade: Grade is the ground’s angle of slope in a garden or landscape.
  • Grafting: Grafting is a method used to join parts from two plants to grow as one.
  • Granular Fertilizer: Granular fertilizer refers to a solid, granule form for slow-release application.
  • Greenhouse: A greenhouse is a structure with walls and a roof made chiefly of transparent material, used to grow plants under controlled conditions.
  • Green Manure: Green manure is a crop grown and plowed under to enrich the soil.
  • Greensand: Greensand is an iron-potassium silicate that is used as a soil amendment for its micronutrient content.
  • Ground Cover: Ground cover refers to low-growing, spreading plants that cover the soil and reduce weed growth.
  • Growing Habit: Growing habitat is the characteristic growth form or behavior of a plant.
  • Growing Point: A growing point is the part of a plant where new growth occurs.
  • Growing Season: A growing season is the period of the year when the weather conditions are suitable for plants to grow.
  • Growth Regulator: A growth regulator refers to chemicals used to alter the growth rate or habit of plants.
  • Grub: A grub is the larval stage of various beetles, known for feeding on roots and causing damage to lawns and gardens.
  • Guano: Guano is a natural fertilizer consisting of the accumulated excrement of seabirds or bats.
  • Gynoecious: Gynoecious refers to having female flowers only; a term usually applied to certain cucumber varieties.
  • Gypsum: Gypsum is amineral used in gardening to help break up heavy clay soils and reduce compaction.
  • Habit: A plant’s habit is the general growth pattern or form.
  • Habitat: A habitat is the natural environment in which a plant or animal lives.
  • Half-Hardy: Half-hardy refers to plants that can withstand some frost but not heavy or prolonged freezes.
  • Halophyte: A halophyte is a plant adapted to grow in high salt concentrations.
  • Hand Pollination: Hand pollination is manually transferring pollen from one flower to another to encourage fertilization.
  • Hardening Off: Hardening off is the process of gradually acclimatizing indoor or greenhouse-grown plants to outdoor conditions.
  • Hardiness: Hardiness refers to the ability of a plant to survive adverse weather conditions.
  • Hardiness Zone: A hardiness zone is a geographic area defined to encompass a certain range of climatic conditions relevant to plant growth and survival.
  • Hardpan: A hardpan is a dense layer of soil, usually found below the topsoil, that is difficult for roots to penetrate.
  • Hardscape: Hardscape refers to a landscape’s permanent, non-living features such as pathways or walls.
  • Hardy: Hardy refers to plants able to survive outdoor winter conditions in their growing zone.
  • Harvest: A harvest is the process of gathering ripe food, fresh flowers, or seeds.
  • Hay: Hay is rasses or legumes that are cut, dried, and stored for animal feed.
  • Heading Back: Heading back is pruning a plant by cutting off the top portion to encourage bushier growth.
  • Heart Rot: Heart rot is a disease where the heartwood of a tree rots, often caused by fungi.
  • Heat Tolerance: Heat tolerance is the ability of a plant to withstand high temperatures.
  • Heaving: Heaving is the upward movement of plants from the soil due to freeze-thaw cycles.
  • Heavy Soil: Heavy soil refers to soil with a high clay content, which makes it dense and slow to drain.
  • Hedge: A line of closely spaced shrubs and tree species, planted and trained to form a barrier or to mark the boundary of an area.
  • Hedge Row: A hedge row is a row of closely planted shrubs or trees forming a hedge.
  • Heel Cutting: A cutting that includes a small part of older wood at the base.
  • Heeling-In: Heeling-in is the process of temporarily planting a bare-root plant in a shallow trench to protect its roots until permanent planting.
  • Heirloom: Heirloom refers to a plant or vegetable variety cultivated for many years and passed down through generations.
  • Herb: An herb is a plant or plant part valued for its medicinal, savory, or aromatic qualities.
  • Herb Gardening: Herb gardening refers to the cultivation of herbal plants for consumption.
  • Herbaceous: Herbaceous refers to plants that have non-woody stems that die back at the end of the growing season.
  • Herbicide: An herbicide is a chemical substance used to kill or control the growth of plants, specifically weeds.
  • Hill Up: Hilling up is the process of piling soil around the base of a plant to support the stem or cover the roots.
  • Hoop House: A hoop house is a type of greenhouse with a rounded top, made of plastic over a frame of hoops.
  • Honeydew: Honeydew is a sticky, sweet substance secreted by insects like aphids, often attracting ants.
  • Horticulture: Horticulture is the art or practice of garden cultivation and management.
  • Host Plant: A host plant is a plant that provides food or shelter for a specific insect or other organism.
  • Hot House: A hot house refers to a heated greenhouse used to grow plants out of their normal season.
  • House Plants: House plants are plants grown indoors for decorative purposes.
  • Hugelkultur: Hugelkulture is a horticultural technique where a mound constructed from decomposing wood and other compostable plant materials is used to grow plants.
  • Humidifier: A humidifier is a device that adds moisture to the air to increase humidity levels.
  • Humidity Tray: A humidity tray is a tray filled with water and pebbles placed under plant containers to increase the humidity around the plants.
  • Humus: Humus is an organic component of soil formed by the decomposition of leaves and other plant material by soil microorganisms.
  • Hybrid: A hybrid is a plant or flower bred from two different species or varieties.
  • Hydroponics: Hydroponics is a method of growing plants in water without soil using mineral nutrient solutions.
  • Hygrometer: A hygrometer is an instrument for measuring the humidity of the air or a gas.
  • Hypertufa: Hypertufa is a lightweight, porous stone made from bonding various aggregates (soil, perlite, or sand) with cement, which is used to create DIY planters.
  • Ikebana: Ikebana is the Japanese art of flower arrangement, emphasizing form, balance, and harmony.
  • Imbibition: Imbibition is the initial absorption of water by seeds before germination begins.
  • Indeterminate Plants: Indeterminate plants are those that grow and produce fruit continuously throughout the growing season until killed by frost.
  • Indigenous: Indigenous refers to plants that are native to a specific area or region.
  • Infertile Soil: Infertil soil is soil that lacks the nutrients necessary for plant growth.
  • Inflorescence: Inflorescence is the arrangement of flowers on a plant’s stem.
  • Inoculant: An inoculant is a substance used to add beneficial bacteria or fungi to the soil, helping plant growth and health.
  • Inoculate: To inoculate is introducing microorganisms (like beneficial bacteria) to plants or soil to enhance growth or health.
  • Inorganic: Inorganic refers to material not composed of organic matter, often referring to synthetic fertilizers or pesticides.
  • Insecticide: An insecticide is a chemical or natural substance used to kill or control insects that may harm plants.
  • Insecticidal Soap: Insecticidal soap is a soap-based pesticide that controls insects by disrupting their cell membranes.
  • Insectivorous Plant: Insectivorous plants are those that derive some or most of their nutrients by trapping and consuming insects.
  • In Situ: In situ refers to sowing seeds in their permanent place without transplanting or conserving and maintaining plants in their original location or natural environment.
  • Integrated Pest Management (IPM): Integrated pest management is an ecological approach to pest management that combines biological, cultural, physical, and chemical tools in a way that minimizes economic, health, and environmental risks.
  • Intensive Planting: Intensive planting is a gardening technique that maximizes yield by reducing the space between plants.
  • Internode: An internode is the segment of a plant stem between two nodes where leaves or branches are attached.
  • Interplanting (Intercropping): Interplanting refers to growing two or more types of plants in close proximity for benefits such as pest control or maximizing space. It is commonly referred to as “companion planting.”
  • Invasive: Invasive describes a plant that spreads uncontrollably and can outcompete native species in the same area.
  • Ion Exchange: Ion exchange is a process by which soil particles exchange ions with nutrients in the soil solution, affecting nutrient availability to plants.
  • Iron Chelate: Iron chelate is a form of iron that is readily available for plant absorption and used to treat iron deficiency.
  • Irrigation: Irrigation is the method of supplying water to plants through various systems, such as sprinklers, drips, or hoses.
  • Japanese Beetle: A Japanese beetle is a destructive pest that feeds on the leaves of over 300 plant species.
  • Jiffy Pots: Jiffy pots are small, biodegradable pots made from peat or other organic materials, used for starting seeds.
  • Joint: A joint is where two plant parts meet, such as where a leaf meets a stem.
  • Juglone: Juglone is a natural substance produced by walnut trees (particularly black walnut) that inhibits the growth of other plants around them.
  • Jute: Jute is a long, soft, shiny vegetable fiber that can be spun into coarse, strong threads that are used for making garden twine and plant ties.
  • Juvenile: A juvenile refers to the early stages of growth in a plant before it becomes mature.
  • Kelp: Kelp is a type of large seaweed that is sometimes used in garden fertilizers for its rich mineral content.
  • Kernel: A kernel is a seed or grain, particularly of corn.
  • Keyhole Garden: A keyhole garden is a circular raised garden bed with a wedge cut out for easy access to the center compost basket, efficient in arid regions.
  • Killing Frost: A killing frost is a frost severe enough to end the growing season for most plants by causing widespread damage.
  • Korean Natural Farming (KNF): Korean Natural Farming is an agricultural method that emphasizes natural farming inputs and indigenous microorganisms.
  • Knot Garden: A knot garden is a formal garden design involving carefully arranging plants in geometric patterns.
  • Lacewing: A lacewing is a beneficial insect that preys on aphids and other pest insects.
  • Landscape: Landscape refers to the overall appearance of an outdoor area, including its layout, plants, and structures.
  • Landscape Architect: A landscape architect is a professional who plans and designs outdoor landscapes.
  • Landscaping: Landscaping is the process of making a yard or other piece of land more attractive by altering the existing design, adding ornamental features, and planting trees, shrubs, and flowers.
  • Landscaping Fabric: Landscaping fabric is material placed over the soil surface to prevent weed growth while allowing water and air to pass through.
  • Landscape Maintenance: Landscape maintenance is a landscape’s regular care and upkeep to keep it looking its best.
  • Larvae: Larvae are the immature form of insects, which can be beneficial, neutral, or harmful to plants.
  • Lateral Bud: A lateral bud is a bud that grows from the side of a stem and can develop into a branch or flower.
  • Latex: Latex is a milky fluid found in certain plants, like rubber trees, that coagulates on exposure to air.
  • Lath: A lath is a framework of slatted wood used as a support for climbing plants or to provide shade.
  • Lattice: A framework of interwoven strips of wood, metal, or other materials, often used to support climbing plants.
  • Lawn: A lawn is an area of soil-covered land planted with grasses or other durable plants, maintained at a short height.
  • Layering: Layering is a propagation technique that involves rooting branches while they are still attached to the parent plant.
  • Leaching: Leaching is the process by which soluble nutrients are washed out of soil due to excessive rainfall or irrigation.
  • Leader: A leader refers to the main or dominant stem at the top of a tree.
  • Leaf Cutting: Leaf cutting refers to the method of plant propagation using a piece of a leaf.
  • Leaflet: A leaflet is a single segment of a compound leaf.
  • Leaf Mold: Leaf mold is decayed leaves that provide an excellent, nutrient-rich type of compost or mulch for garden beds.
  • Leaf Node: A leaf node is the part of a plant stem from which leaves emerge.
  • Leafroller: A leafroller is a species of moth from the Tortricidae family, known for its distinctive behavior of shaping leaves into cylindrical forms to construct a protective cocoon during their larval stage.
  • Leaves: Leaves are the primary sites of photosynthesis in plants.
  • Leggy: Leggy describes a plant that has grown with long, thin stems usually due to insufficient light.
  • Legumes: Legumes are a group of plants, including peas and beans, that have the ability to fix atmospheric nitrogen, enriching the soil.
  • Lichen: A lichen is a symbiotic organism made up of a fungus and an alga or cyanobacterium, often found on tree trunks and rocks.
  • Lime: Lime is a substance typically made from ground limestone, used to raise the pH level of acidic soil.
  • Lithophyte: A lithophyte is a plant that grows on rocks or in rocky soil.
  • Loam: Loam is a type of soil that is well-balanced in terms of sand, silt, and clay content, ideal for growing most plants.
  • Lopper: A lopper is a type of large, long-handled pruning shear used for cutting thicker branches.
  • Macerate: To macerate means to soften by soaking in a liquid, a process often used in composting to accelerate the decomposition of tough plant materials.
  • Macronutrients: Macronutrients are the essential nutrients plants consume in large amounts, such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium.
  • Maiden Tree: A maiden tree refers to a young, unbranched tree.
  • Manure: Manure is animal dung used for fertilizing land, an excellent source of organic matter and nutrients for soil health.
  • Manure Tea: Manure tea is a nutrient-rich liquid fertilizer made by steeping manure in water.
  • Marcescent: Marcescent refers to leaves that wither but do not fall off, commonly seen in some species of oak and beech trees.
  • Marginal Plants: Marginal plants are ideal for water edges or shallow waters, and they are often used in water gardens or pond margins.
  • Mass Planting: Mass planting refers to planting large numbers of the same plant species or cultivar to create a visual impact.
  • Master Gardener: A master gardener is a volunteer who has received extensive training in horticulture to assist with community gardening projects.
  • Medium: Medium is the material in which plants are grown (soil, potting mix, hydroponic solution).
  • Microclimate: A microclimate is the climate of a small, specific place within an area as contrasted with the climate of the entire area.
  • Micro cutting: A micro cutting is a very small cutting, often used in micropropagation.
  • Microgreens: Microgreens are young edible greens harvested just after the cotyledon leaves have developed.
  • Micronutrients: Micronutrients are essential nutrients plants consume in small amounts, such as iron, manganese, and zinc.
  • Mildew: Mildew is a type of fungus that affects plants, seen as a white powdery deposit over the leaf surface and other parts of the plant.
  • Mist System: A mist system is a watering system that sprays a fine mist over plants. It is frequently used in propagation to keep delicate seedlings and cuttings moist.
  • Mixed Border: A mixed border is a combination of shrubs, perennials, annuals, and bulbs for a variety of textures and colors.
  • Moon Gardening: Moon gardening refers to planting and gardening activities based on lunar phases.
  • Monoculture: Monoculture is the cultivation of a single crop in a given area.
  • Monoecious: Monoecious refers to plants that have both male and female flowers on the same individual.
  • Moss: Moss is a small flowerless green plants that typically grow in dense green clumps or mats, often in damp or shady locations.
  • Mounding: Mounding is a technique where soil is piled up around the base of a plant, often used to improve drainage and root growth.
  • Mulch: Mulching is a material spread over the surface of the soil to retain moisture, suppress weeds, keep the soil cool, and make the garden bed look more attractive.
  • Mulching Mower: A mulching mower is a lawn mower that finely cuts grass clippings and disperses them back into the lawn as a natural fertilizer.
  • Mutation: A mutation is a change in the DNA of a plant that leads to new traits.
  • Mycorrhiza: Mycorrhiza is a symbiotic association between a fungus and the roots of a plant that can increase a plant’s ability to absorb nutrients from the soil.
  • Native Plants: Native plants refer to plants that occur naturally in a particular region or ecosystem.
  • Naturalize: To naturalize is to establish a plant so that it grows wild and reproduces naturally in a region where it is not indigenous.
  • Nectar: Nectar is a sweet liquid produced by plants that attracts pollinators such as bees and hummingbirds.
  • Neem Oil: Neem oil is an oil extracted from the seeds of the neem tree, often used as a natural insecticide in organic gardening.
  • Nematode: A nematode is a type of microscopic worm, some of which can cause damage to plants by feeding on their roots, while others can be beneficial by attacking pest insects.
  • Neutral pH: A neutral pH refers to soil with a pH level of 7, indicating neither acidity nor alkalinity.
  • New Wood: New wood refers to growth that has developed on a plant during the current season.
  • Nightshade: A nightshade is a family of plants (Solanaceae) that includes many common garden vegetables such as tomatoes, potatoes, and peppers, as well as some toxic plants.
  • Nitrogen: Nitrogen is an essential nutrient for plant growth, crucial for the development of green leaves and the overall health of the plant.
  • Nitrogen Cycle: Nitrogen cycle refers to the natural process by which nitrogen is converted into various chemical forms as it circulates among the atmosphere, soil, and living organisms.
  • Nitrogen Fixation: Nitrogen fixation is the process by which certain bacteria in the soil convert atmospheric nitrogen into compounds plants can use.
  • Node: A node is part of a plant stem from which leaves, branches, or flowers grow.
  • Node Cuttings: Node cuttings are cuttings taken from a plant that includes a part of the stem with at least one leaf joint or node.
  • Non-GMO: Non-GMO (genetically modified organism) refers to plants not genetically modified through biotechnology. Many gardeners prefer non-GMO plants to maintain traditional cultivation practices.
  • No-till Gardening: Not-till gardening is a method of gardening that does not involve turning the soil, thereby preserving soil structure and minimizing weed seeds coming to the surface.
  • N-P-K Ratio: N-P-K ratio is the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in fertilizers.
  • Nursery: A nursery is a place where plants are propagated and grown to a size suitable for transplanting or for sale.
  • Nutrient: A nutrient is a substance that provides nourishment for plant growth and health absorbed primarily from the soil.
  • Offset: An offset is a small, virtually complete daughter plant that forms on the mother plant. Succulents like Sempervivum and some orchids reproduce this way.
  • Old Wood: Old wood refers to last year’s growth on plants, from which flowers often emerge.
  • Olericulture: Olericulture is the science of vegetable growing, dealing with the production, storage, processing, and marketing of vegetables.
  • Open-Pollinated: Open-pollinated refers to plants that are pollinated naturally by insects, birds, wind, or human handling and can reliably produce seeds that will grow into new plants similar to the parent plant.
  • Opposite: Opposite refers to the leaf arrangement grown in pairs directly across from each other on the stem.
  • Orchard: An orchard is a site for the cultivation of fruit or nut trees.
  • Organic: Organic refers to gardening practices that rely on natural substances and processes to grow plants, without synthetic fertilizers or pesticides.
  • Organic Fertilizer: Organic fertilizer is derived from natural sources, such as compost, manure, bone meal, or kelp.
  • Organic Gardening: Organic gardening refers to using natural materials and methods to enrich the soil and control pests, without synthetic chemicals.
  • Organic Matter: Organic matter is plant and animal residues in various stages of decomposition that are part of or added to the soil to improve its physical, chemical, and biological properties.
  • Organic Seed: Organic seed is harvested from plants grown without synthetic pesticides or fertilizers.
  • Ornamental: Ornamental plants are grown for decorative purposes in gardens and landscape design projects, rather than for food.
  • Osmosis: Osmosis is a process by which water molecules move from a region of low solute concentration to a region of high solute concentration through a semipermeable membrane. In plants, this is crucial for the absorption of water and nutrients from the soil.
  • Overseeding: Overseeding is the practice of sowing grass seed into existing turf to make it denser.
  • Overwinter: To overwinter plants means to protect plants from the cold during winter, either by moving them indoors, mulching heavily, or using structures like cloches and greenhouses.
  • Ovule: An ovule is the part of the ovary of seed plants that develops into a seed after fertilization.
  • Palmate: Palmate refers to a leaf shape resembling the palm of a hand, with lobes radiating from a single point.
  • Panicle: A panicle is a branched cluster of flowers in which the branches are racemes.
  • Parasite: A parasite is an organism that lives on or in a host organism and gets its food at the expense of its host.
  • Parasitic Plant: A parasitic plant derives some or all of its nutritional requirements from another living plant.
  • Parterre: A parterre is a formal garden construction on a level surface consisting of planting beds, typically in symmetrical patterns, separated by gravel pathways.
  • Parthenocarpic: Parthenocarpic refers to plants that produce fruit without fertilization and thus, seedless fruits.
  • Partial Shade: Partial shade refers to a condition where a plant receives filtered sunlight for part of the day or direct sunlight for only a few hours.
  • Partial Sun: Partial sun is similar to partial shade and refers to areas that receive 3-6 hours of direct sun a day.
  • Pass-along Plants: Pass-along plants are plants shared among gardeners, often heirlooms or easy-to-propagate species.
  • Pea Gravel: Pea gravel is small, rounded, pea-sized stones used in landscaping and as a top dressing for potted plants.
  • Peat: Peat is partially decomposed organic matter, often used as a soil amendment.
  • Peat Pot: A peat pot is a biodegradable planting container made from compressed peat, used for starting seeds.
  • Pebble Tray: A pebble tray is a tray filled with pebbles and water used to increase humidity around plants.
  • Pedicel: A pedicel is the stalk that supports a single flower in an inflorescence.
  • Peduncle: A peduncle is the stalk that supports an inflorescence or a solitary flower.
  • Pegging Down: Pegging down refers to bending and securing stems or branches to the ground to encourage rooting and new growth.
  • Pelleted Seeds: Pelleted seeds are seeds coated with an inert material to make them larger and easier to handle.
  • Perennial: A perennial is a type of plant that lives for more than two years, typically flowering each season once established.
  • Perfoliate: Perfoliate refers to leaves that completely encircle the stem, with the stem appearing to grow through the leaf.
  • Pergola: A pergola is an outdoor garden feature forming a shaded walkway, passageway, or sitting area of vertical posts or pillars that usually support cross-beams and a durable open lattice.
  • Perlite: Perlite is a volcanic glass that is heated and expanded to be used as a lightweight aggregate in potting soils.
  • Permaculture: Permaculture is a system of sustainable agriculture that seeks to mimic the patterns and relationships found in natural ecosystems.
  • Pest: A pest is an organism that is damaging or detrimental to plants or crops.
  • Pesticide: A pesticide is a substance used to destroy insects or other organisms that are harmful to cultivated plants or animals.
  • Petals: Petals are the often colorful part of a flower that surrounds the reproductive organs.
  • Petiole: A petiole is a stalk that joins a leaf to a stem; leafstalk.
  • pH Level: pH level is a scale used to specify the acidity or alkalinity of soil. Soil pH is important because it affects the availability of nutrients to plants.
  • Photoperiodism: Photoperiodism is the response of plants to the length of day or night, affecting flowering and other growth processes.
  • Photosynthesis: Photosynthesis is the process by which plants and some other organisms use sunlight to synthesize nutrients from carbon dioxide and water. It generally involves the green pigment chlorophyll and generates oxygen as a byproduct.
  • Phyllode: A phyllode is a flattened leaf stem that functions as a leaf.
  • Phytochemicals: Phytochemicals are natural compounds produced by plants, which can have health benefits.
  • Picotee: Picotee refers to flowers with a different color along the edges of the petals.
  • Pinching: Pinching is a form of pruning that involves removing the growing tip of a plant to encourage lateral growth and bushiness.
  • Pinnate: Pinnate refers to a leaf resembling a feather; having leaflets arranged on either side of the stem.
  • Pip: A pip is a small seed of a fruit, such as an apple or orange.
  • Pistil: The pistil refers to the female organs of a flower, comprising the ovary, style, and stigma.
  • Planter: A planter is a container in which plants are grown.
  • Plantlet: A plantlet is a small, young plant, especially one that has been propagated from a parent plant.
  • Plant Patent: A plant patent is a legal protection for a new and unique plant’s key characteristics, preventing others from selling the plant without permission.
  • Pleaching: Pleaching is the intertwining of the branches of trees or shrubs to form a hedge or arch.
  • Plug: A plug is a small seedling grown in an individual compartment or cell, ready for transplanting.
  • Plumule: A plumule is the part of a seed embryo that develops into the shoot bearing the first true leaves of a plant.
  • Plunging: Plunging is the method of placing potted plants in the ground up to their rims to maintain moisture and temperature levels.
  • Pocket Garden: A pocket garden is a small garden created in a confined or unexpected space.
  • Pollen: Pollen is the fine powder produced by the male parts of flowers that contain the plant’s sperm cells.
  • Pollination: Pollination is the transfer of pollen from the male structure of a plant to the female structure of a plant, enabling fertilization and the production of seeds.
  • Pollinator: A pollinator is an animal that moves pollen from one flower to another, facilitating plant reproduction.
  • Polyculture: Polyculture is the practice of growing multiple species of plants together in the same space, promoting biodiversity.
  • Pot-Bound: Pot-Bound refers to the condition in which a plant’s roots have filled the container, restricting growth.
  • Potting Soil: Potting soil is a medium in which to grow plants, herbs, and vegetables in a pot or other durable container.
  • Prairie Gardening: Prairie gardening is a practice that incorporates native prairie plants and grasses, often focusing on sustainability.
  • Pre-Emergent Weed Killer: Pre-emergent weed killer is an herbicide applied before weeds germinate and emerge from the soil.
  • Primocane: Primocane is a term used in berry production that refers to the current season’s fleshy growth, which may or may not bear fruit, depending on the species.
  • Propagation: Propagation is the process of growing new plants from a variety of sources: seeds, cuttings, and other plant parts.
  • Pruning: Pruning is the process of cutting back parts of a plant to improve its shape, encourage growth, or reduce size.
  • Quarantine: Quarantine is to isolate plants to prevent the spread of pests or diseases.
  • Quart: A quart is a unit of measurement commonly used in gardening for soil, compost, and containers, equivalent to a quarter (1/4) of a gallon.
  • Quartz: Quartz is a type of mineral often found in soil that can affect its drainage and nutrient content.
  • Quicklime: Quicklime is a material used to alter soil pH quickly. Quicklime is also known as calcium oxide.
  • Quiescence: Quiescence is the state of dormancy or minimal activity in plants, typically caused by unfavorable environmental conditions.
  • Quincunx: Quincunx is a planting pattern in which five plants are arranged with four at each corner of a square and one in the center to maximize space and improve air circulation among plants.
  • Raceme: A raceme is a type of flower arrangement where flowers are borne on short stalks along a long axis.
  • Raised Bed: A raised bed is an elevated area of soil enclosed by materials like wood, metal, vinyl, or stone, used for planting to improve drainage and soil quality.
  • Rake: A rake is a gardening tool with a toothed bar fixed transversely to a handle, used for collecting leaves, hay, grass, etc., or for smoothing the surface of the ground.
  • Ratoon: A ratoon is a new shoot or stalk that grows from the base of a crop plant, particularly in sugarcane and sorghum.
  • Refoliation: Refoliation is the process of a plant growing new leaves after losing old ones.
  • Relative humidity: Relative humidity is the amount of moisture in the air compared to what the air can hold at that temperature.
  • Remontant: Remontant refers to plants that have the ability to bloom more than once in a growing season.
  • Re-potting (Potting Up, Potting On, or Over-Potting): Re-potting is the act of placing a plant in a bigger pot with fresh potting soil to encourage continued growth and accommodate root expansion.
  • Re-Seeding: Re-seeding is the natural or intentional process of seeds falling from a plant and growing new plants.
  • Resting Period: A resting period is a phase in a plant’s life cycle when growth slows or stops temporarily.
  • Retaining Wall: A retaining wall is a structure designed to hold back soil in a sloped area.
  • Revert: Revert refers to when a plant returns to its original form, often from a mutated or cultivated variety.
  • Rhizome: A rhizome is a type of underground plant stem that grows horizontally.
  • Ripening: Ripening is the process of fruits maturing on the plant and becoming ready for consumption.
  • Rock Garden: A rock garden is a garden designed with rocks and hardy alpine plants.
  • Rockwool: Rockwool is a fibrous material made from molten rock, used as a planting medium.
  • Root Ball: A root ball is the main mass of roots at the base of a plant, especially when lifted from the soil during transplanting.
  • Root-Bound: Root-bound refers to a condition where a plant’s roots have filled the container, restricting growth.
  • Root Cap: A root cap is a protective structure at the tip of a growing root, which protects the root tip as it pushes through the soil.
  • Root Crop: A root crop refers to plants grown for their edible roots, like carrots and beets.
  • Root Cutting: A root cutting is a piece of a plant root cut and used to propagate a new plant.
  • Root Hairs: Root hairs are small hair-like structures on roots that increase the surface area for water and nutrient absorption.
  • Rooting Hormone: Rooting hormone is the chemical used to stimulate root growth in plant cuttings.
  • Root Pruning: Root pruning is the practice of trimming roots to encourage more vigorous growth or to prepare a plant for transplanting.
  • Root Rot: Root rot is a disease caused by overwatering or poor drainage, leading to decayed roots.
  • Rootstock: Rootstock is the part of a plant, typically below ground, that provides the root system.
  • Root Zone: The root zone is the part of the soil where a plant’s roots grow.
  • Rosarian: A rosarian is a person who specializes in the cultivation of roses.
  • Rosette: A rosette is a circular arrangement of leaves or petals, often seen at the base level of plants like lettuce or dandelions.
  • Rotation: Rotation is the practice of changing the location of plant types in a garden over time to prevent soil depletion and pest buildup.
  • Rotenone: Rotenone is a natural insecticide derived from the roots of certain tropical plants.
  • Rototiller: A rototiller is a machine used in gardening and agriculture to break up soil and prepare it for planting.
  • Row Cover: A row cover is a material used to protect plants from frost, insects, or excessive sun.
  • Runner: A runner is a type of stolon that runs above ground and produces new plant clones at its nodes.
  • Runoff: Runoff is water that flows over the ground surface, potentially carrying pollutants or eroding soil.
  • Rust: Rust is a common fungal disease that affects plants, characterized by reddish or brownish patches.
  • Sap: Sap is the fluid that circulates through a plant, carrying nutrients and water.
  • Sapling: A sapling is a young tree, especially one with a slender trunk.
  • Scald: Scald is damage to plants caused by intense sunlight or hot, dry air.
  • Scale: Scale are insects that attach themselves to plants and appear as small, brownish bumps.
  • Scape: A scape is the stalk that bears the flower or flower cluster in plants.
  • Scarification (Scarify): Scarification is the process of breaking or softening a seed’s outer coat to encourage germination.
  • Scientific Name: A scientific name is the Latin name given to a plant consisting of a genus and species for classification purposes.
  • Scion: A scion is a young shoot or twig of a plant, especially one cut for grafting or rooting.
  • Scooping (De-Eyeing): Scooping is removing the eyes (buds) from tubers to control growth.
  • Season Extender: Season extender refers to techniques or structures that allow for earlier planting or later harvesting.
  • Secateurs: Secateaurs are pruning clippers for use with one hand.
  • Seedhead: A seedhead is the part of the plant that contains the seeds.
  • Seedling: A seedling is a young plant, especially one raised from seed and not from a cutting.
  • Self-Fertile: Self-fertile refers to plants that pollinate themselves.
  • Self-Pollination: Self-pollination is the transfer of pollen from the male part of a flower to the female part of the same flower or another flower on the same plant.
  • Self-Seed: Self-seed refers to when plants drop seeds that grow into new plants without human intervention.
  • Self-Sow: Self-sow is the same as self-seed; a natural reproduction by dropping seeds.
  • Semi-determinate: Semi-determinate refers to plants that grow to a certain height and then stop growing while continuing to produce fruit.
  • Semi-evergreen: Semi-evergreen refers to plants that retain some of their leaves throughout the year.
  • Sepals: Sepals are the outer parts of the flower, often green and leaf-like, that protect the developing bud.
  • Serrate: Serrate refers to leaves having a saw-toothed or notched edge.
  • Sessile: Sessile describes leaves or flowers that have no stalk and are attached directly to the stem.
  • Shears: Shears are a large tool with two blades that come together in a scissor-like action, typically used for trimming bushes or cutting thick plant stems.
  • Sheet Mulching (Sheet Composting): Sheet mulching is the process of covering soil with cardboard to prevent weed growth or smother existing vegetation to prepare a new garden.
  • Shrub: A shrub is a woody plant smaller than a tree with several main stems arising at or near the ground.
  • Side Dress: Side dress is the addition of fertilizer on top of or in the soil around a plant.
  • Sieve: A sieve is a mesh tool used to sift soil and remove debris.
  • Single Flower: A single flower has only one layer of petals.
  • Slip: A slip is a cutting from a plant used for propagation, typically a young shoot or twig.
  • Slow-Release Fertilizer: Slow-release fertilizer breaks down over time to provide a steady supply of nutrients.
  • Soaker Hose: A soaker hose is a type of hose designed to leak water slowly along its length, allowing water to soak into the soil around plant roots gradually.
  • Sod: Sod is grass and the part of the soil beneath it held together by the roots, or a piece of this material.
  • Sod Cutter: A sod cutter is a tool or machine used to remove sod or grass from an area.
  • Soil: Soil is the top layer of the earth in which plants grow; a black or dark brown material typically consisting of a mixture of organic remains, clay, and rock particles.
  • Soil Amendment: A soil amendment is any material added to the soil to improve its physical properties, such as water retention, permeability, water infiltration, drainage, aeration, and structure.
  • Soil Composition: Soil composition is the combination of organic matter, minerals, gases, liquids, and organisms.
  • Soil Formation: Soil formation is the result of the natural processes of chemical and physical weathering of parent rock.
  • Soil Health: Soil health refers to the condition of soil, based on its chemical, physical, and biological properties.
  • Soil Food Web: A soil food web is a community of organisms that live all or part of their lives in the soil, forming a complex web of interactions.
  • Soil Texture: Soil texture is the feel of the soil determined by the size of its particles: sand, silt, and clay.
  • Soilless Gardening: Soilless gardening is the act of growing plants without soil using methods like hydroponics or aeroponics.
  • Soilless Mix: A soilless mix is a growing medium that does not contain soil, often used for seed starting or indoor plants.
  • Soil Polymers: Soil polymers are water-absorbent polymers used to improve soil moisture retention.
  • Soil Test: A soil test is an analysis of soil to determine nutrient content, pH level, and other characteristics.
  • Solarization: Solarization is the process of using plastic sheeting to trap solar energy and heating soil to kill pests and weeds.
  • Soluble Fertilizer: Soluble fertilizer is a fertilizer that dissolves in water, making nutrients immediately available to plants.
  • Sooty Mildew: Sooty mildew is a fungal disease that covers plants with a black, soot-like substance.
  • Sooty Mold: Sooty mold is a black mold growing on honeydew secretions on plants. It is similar to sooty mildew.
  • Spade: A spade is a digging tool with a sharp edge, rectangular metal blade, and long handle.
  • Spadix: A spadix is a spike of flowers tightly arranged around a fleshy axis, surrounded by a spathe.
  • Species: A species is a group of living organisms consisting of similar individuals capable of exchanging genes or interbreeding.
  • Specimen Plant: A specimen plant is a plant grown by itself in a lawn or garden for ornamental purposes, due to its striking appearance.
  • Spent: Spent describes a flower that has finished blooming or a plant that has completed its life cycle.
  • Sphagnum: Sphagnum is a type of moss used in gardening, particularly in orchids and bog plants.
  • Spore: A spore is a reproductive cell capable of developing into a new individual without sexual fusion.
  • Sprinkler: A sprinkler is a device used to irrigate gardens with a perforated pipe or a revolving nozzle that sprays water droplets in a controlled manner.
  • Sprout: A sprout is the shoot of a plant emerging from a seed.
  • Stake: A stake is a support stick or post used to hold up plants or mark positions in a garden.
  • Stamen: A stamen is the male fertilizing organ of a flower, typically consisting of a pollen-containing anther and a filament.
  • Standard: A standard is a plant grafted onto a tall, straight stem lacking lower branches, especially a fruit tree or rose.
  • Stem Cutting: A stem cutting is a portion of a plant stem used for propagating new plants.
  • Steril Soil: Steril soil is soil that has been treated to kill seeds, pests, and diseases.
  • Stigma: A stigma is the part of a flower that receives pollen during pollination.
  • Stipule: A stipule is a small leaf-like appendage at the base of a leaf stalk in some plants.
  • Stock: Stock refers to the plant onto which another plant is grafted.
  • Stolon (Runner): A stolen is a horizontal branch from the base of a plant that produces new plants from its nodes.
  • Stone: A stone is a hard seed found inside certain fruits, such as peaches or cherries.
  • Strain: A strain is a genetic variant or subtype of a plant.
  • Stratification (Stratify): A method of treating seeds to simulate natural conditions that the seeds need to germinate.
  • Substrate: Substrate is the base material in which plants are grown, usually soil or a specially prepared mixture of various materials.
  • Succession Planting (Succession Sowing): Succession planting is the continuous planting of a crop at specific time intervals to maintain its availability through the growing season.
  • Succulent: A succulent is a plant with thick fleshy leaves or stems adapted to storing water, typical of arid climates.
  • Sucker: A sucker is a shoot growing from the base of a tree or other plant, often undesirable.
  • Sunken Garden: A sunken garden is a garden set below ground level, often surrounded by walls or hedges.
  • Sustainable Gardening: Sustainable gardening refers to gardening in ways that cause no harm to the earth and its inhabitants, using natural resources wisely.
  • Systemic Insecticide: Systemic insecticide is an insecticide that is absorbed by a plant and transported throughout its tissues, protecting the plant from pests.
  • Tamping: Tamping is firmly pressing down soil around a planted seed or transplant to remove air pockets.
  • Taproot: A taproot is a primary root that grows vertically downward, forming the center from which subsidiary rootlets grow.
  • Temperature Tolerance: Temperature tolerance is the range of temperatures a plant can endure and still grow or survive.
  • Tender: Tender refers to plants that are sensitive to cold or frost and cannot withstand freezing temperatures.
  • Tendril: A tendril is a thin, spirally coiling stem or organ that helps some plants, especially climbing plants, to attach to and climb other objects.
  • Terminal Bud: A terminal bud is a bud that grows at the apex or tip of the main stem.
  • Terrarium: A terrarium is an enclosed glass container for growing and displaying plants.
  • Terrestrial: Terrestrial refers to plants that grow on or in the ground, as opposed to aquatic or epiphytic plants.
  • Thatch: Thatch is a layer of organic material, including living and dead grass roots, stems, and leaves, that accumulates on the soil surface, often found just above the grass base.
  • Thicket: A thicket is a dense group of bushes or small trees.
  • Thinning: Thinning is the practice of removing some plants, or parts of plants, to allow more space, light, and air for the growth of remaining plants.
  • Thrips: Thrips are small insects that feed on plants by sucking their sap, often causing damage.
  • Tiller: A tiller is a shoot or sprout that grows from the base of a grass plant A tiller is also a tool used to break up the soil.
  • Tip Cutting: A tip cutting is a cutting taken from the tip of a stem and used for plant propagation.
  • Tilth: Tilth is the physical condition of the soil in terms of its suitability for planting or growing crops.
  • Tissue Culture: A tissue culture is a method of plant propagation using small pieces of plant tissue grown in sterile conditions.
  • Topdress: To topdress means to spread a layer of material over the surface of the soil around plants.
  • Topiary: A topiary is a shrub or tree clipped into an ornamental shape.
  • Topsoil: Topsoil is the uppermost layer of soil, which has the highest concentration of organic matter and microorganisms. It is where most of the Earth’s biological soil activity occurs.
  • Trailing: Trailing is a growing habit of plants with stems that grow horizontally along the ground or hang down.
  • Transpiration: Transpiration is the process by which moisture is carried through plants from roots to small pores on the underside of leaves, where it changes to vapor and is released into the atmosphere.
  • Transplanting: Transplanting is the process of moving a plant from one location or growing medium to another.
  • Transplant Shock: Transplant shock is stress experienced by a plant after being moved from one location to another, causing slowed growth or temporary decline.
  • Trap Crop: A trap crop is a crop planted to attract pests away from the main crop, reducing damage.
  • Treated Seeds: Treated seeds are seeds that have been coated with a fungicide or insecticide to protect against diseases and pests after planting.
  • Tree: A tree is a large plant with a single woody stem (trunk), capable of growing to a considerable height and size.
  • Trellis: A trellis is a framework or structure that supports climbing plants and vines.
  • Tropical Plants: Tropical plants are native to tropical regions, requiring warm temperatures and high humidity.
  • Trowel: A trowel is a small hand tool used for digging, applying, smoothing, or moving small amounts of soil or other material.
  • Tuber: A tuber is a thickened underground part of a stem or rhizome that stores nutrients, such as in potatoes.
  • Turf: Turf is the surface layer of ground containing a mat of grass and grass roots, often used to describe lawns.
  • Turgor: Turgor is the state of being turgid or swollen, especially due to high fluid content. In plants, turgor pressure helps maintain the stiffness of plant cells.
  • Tussock: A tussock is a tuft or clump of greenery, such as grass, that is often denser or taller than the surrounding vegetation.
  • Umbel: An umbel is a type of flower cluster in which stalks of nearly equal length spring from a common point, somewhat like the ribs of an umbrella, and form a flat or rounded flower cluster.
  • Underplanting: Underplanting is the practice of growing low-growing plants beneath taller plants to make efficient use of garden space and to add visual interest.
  • Undulate: Undulate refers to wavy-edged leaves.
  • Unisexual: Unisexual refers to flowers or plants that have either male or female reproductive organs, but not both.
  • Unilateral Pruning: Unilateral pruning is the process of trimming only one side of a plant to achieve a desired shape or to control growth direction.
  • Untreated Seed: Untreated seed is a seed that has not been coated with any chemicals or pesticides.
  • Urban Gardening: Urban gardening is the practice of cultivating, processing, and distributing food in or around urban areas.
  • Urea: Urea is a nitrogen-rich fertilizer commonly used in gardens.
  • USDA Plant Hardiness Zone: A USDA plant hardiness zone, or planting zone, is 1 of 13 zones in North America based on the average annual minimum winter temperature used to guide plant selection.
  • Utility Garden: A utility garden is a garden space primarily used for growing fruits, vegetables, and herbs for consumption, rather than for ornamental purposes.
  • Variegated: Variegated describes leaves that have different colors in zones or patterns, often seen in white, yellow, and green.
  • Varietal: Varietal refers to a plant that is a specific variety within a species, often developed for specific desirable traits.
  • Variety: A variety is a naturally occurring or cultivated variation within a species of plant.
  • Variety Name: A variety name is a specific name given to a distinct variety of a plant, indicating its unique characteristics.
  • Vascular Plants: PVascular plants are plants that have specialized tissues for conducting water and nutrients throughout the plant.
  • Vase Life: Vase life is the length of time a cut flower remains fresh and attractive after being cut and placed in water.
  • Vegetable Gardening: Vegetable gardening is the practice of growing vegetables for consumption.
  • Vegetation: Vegetation refers to plants in general or the growth of plants in a certain area.
  • Vegetative Propagation: Vegetative propagation is the process of producing plants from vegetative parts such as leaves, stems, or roots, rather than from seeds.
  • Vermicomposting: Vermicomposting is the process of using worms to convert organic waste into nutrient-rich compost.
  • Vermiculite: Vermiculite is a mineral material used as a soil amendment for aeration and moisture retention.
  • Vernalization: Vernalization is a treatment of cold exposure to induce a plant to flower. Some plants require a period of cold temperatures to initiate flowering.
  • Vertical Gardening: Vertical gardening is the practice of growing plants in tiered beds, vertical planters, or towers instead of spreading them out horizontally.
  • Verticillium: Verticillium is a soil-borne fungus that causes wilt disease in plants.
  • Viability: Viability is the ability of seeds or spores to germinate and grow.
  • Vigor: Vigor refers to the growth rate and overall health of a plant.
  • Vine: A vine is a type of plant growth habit where the plant uses tendrils, twining, or other mechanisms to climb and support itself on structures or other plants.
  • Viroid: Viroid refers to infectious particles that are smaller than viruses and can cause disease in plants.
  • Virus: A virus is a microscopic infectious agent that can multiply only inside the living cells of a host, causing diseases in plants.
  • Vivipary: Vivipary is the germination of seeds within a fruit while still attached to the mother plant.
  • Volunteer: A volunteer is a plant that grows on its own, typically from seeds dropped by previous crops or from compost; not intentionally planted.
  • Warm Season Crop: A warm season crop refers to plants that require warm temperatures for growth and are sensitive to frost, such as tomatoes and peppers.
  • Water Garden: A water garden is a garden that features ponds, streams, or fountains, often including aquatic plants.
  • Watering Can: A watering can is a container with a handle and a spout used to water plants by hand.
  • Weed: A weed is any unwanted or undesirable plant that competes with cultivated plants for nutrients, water, or light.
  • Weed Barrier: Weed barrier is a material laid on the soil to suppress weeds by blocking sunlight.
  • Weeding: Weeding is the process of removing unwanted plants (weeds) from a garden.
  • Wet Feet: Wet feet refer to a condition in which plants are subjected to excessive moisture, which can lead to root rot or other issues.
  • Wettable Powder: Wettable powder is a pesticide or other material in powder form that is mixed with water for application.
  • Wheelbarrow: A wheelbarrow is a small hand-propelled vehicle, usually with a single wheel, used to carry loads around a garden.
  • Whip: A whip is a young, unbranched shoot.
  • Whorled: Whorled refers to a leaf arrangement where three or more leaves grow at a single point around a stem.
  • Wildflower: A wildflower is a flower that grows in the wild, rather than being purposely cultivated.
  • Wilt: Wilt is a condition where plants become limp through heat, loss of water, or disease.
  • Windbreak: A windbreak is a barrier of trees or shrubs used to protect the garden from strong winds.
  • Window Box: A window box is a container placed outside windows used for growing decorative plants or herbs.
  • Winterize: Winterize refers to preparing a garden for winter, such as mulching and protecting plants from freezing temperatures.
  • Woody Plant: A woody plant produces wood as its structural tissue and typically has a perennial stem or trunk.
  • Worm Castings: Worm castings are worm excrement used as a nutrient-rich, natural fertilizer in gardening.
  • Worm Composting: Worm composting, also known as vermicomposting, is the process of using worms to turn organic waste into high-quality compost.
  • Xanthophyll: Xanthophyll is the yellow pigment found in leaves that plays a role in the process of photosynthesis and contributes to the color changes in leaves during the fall.
  • Xeriscape: Xeriscape is a landscaping method developed especially for arid and semiarid climates that utilizes water-conserving techniques such as drought-tolerant plants, mulch, and efficient irrigation.
  • Xerophyte: A xerophyte is a plant adapted to grow in dry conditions that have various mechanisms to conserve water, such as thick leaves, waxy surfaces, and deep root systems.
  • Xylem: Xylem is the part of a plant that transports water and dissolved nutrients upwards from the roots to the rest of the plant. It is also involved in the structural support of the plant.
  • Yard: A yard is an area of land immediately adjacent to a house or other building, often landscaped for ornamental or functional purposes.
  • Yellowing: Yellowing is the process of plant leaves turning yellow, which can be a sign of problems like nutrient deficiency, water stress, or disease.
  • Yeoman’s Plow: Yeoman’s plow is a subsoil plow designed to improve water absorption and root penetration by creating deep channels in the soil.
  • Yield: Yield is the produce or output from plants in terms of fruit, vegetables, or flowers.
  • Zero Gardening: Zero gardening is a practice that aims for minimal input in terms of labor, water, fertilizers, etc., to maintain a garden and uses perennials and self-seeding plants that require little to no ongoing maintenance.
  • Zone: A zone refers to a plant hardiness zone, which is a geographically defined area where a specific category of plant life is capable of growing, as defined by climatic conditions, including its ability to withstand the minimum temperatures of the zone.
  • Zygote: A zygote is the initial cell formed when a new plant is produced from the sexual reproduction of two gametes.

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FAQ

What is a gardening glossary?

A gardening glossary is a collection of terms and their definitions related to gardening. It helps gardeners, both beginners and experts, understand specific terminology used in gardening practices, tools, plants, and techniques.

Why is understanding gardening terms important?

Understanding gardening terms is important for effective communication and successful gardening. It ensures that gardeners can follow instructions accurately, troubleshoot problems, and make informed decisions about their gardening practices.

How can a gardening glossary benefit beginners?

A gardening glossary benefits beginners by providing a quick reference to unfamiliar terms, making it easier to learn and apply new gardening concepts. It demystifies complex terminology and helps build confidence in their gardening journey.

Are the terms in the gardening glossary universally recognized?

It depends, most terms in a gardening glossary are widely recognized and used in the gardening community. However, some terms might vary by region or specific gardening traditions. It’s always good to cross-reference with local gardening resources when in doubt.

How often should I refer to a gardening glossary?

You should refer to a gardening glossary whenever you encounter a term you don’t understand or want to clarify. Regular reference can enhance your gardening knowledge and help you become more proficient in gardening techniques and practices.

Can I suggest new terms to be added to the gardening glossary?

Yes, you can suggest new terms to be added to our gardening glossary. We always welcome suggestions from readers! If you come across a term that isn’t included or think of a new one, feel free to contact us with your suggestion for consideration.

How can I stay updated with new gardening terms and trends?

You can stay updated with new gardening terms and trends by subscribing to gardening magazines, following reputable gardening blogs and websites, joining gardening forums, and participating in gardening workshops and community events.

What should I do if I still have questions after reading the glossary?

You should reach out to us or consult other gardening resources such as books, online forums, or local gardening clubs if you have questions that aren’t covered in the glossary. Engaging with the gardening community can also provide valuable insights.

Are there specific glossaries for different types of gardening?

Yes, there are specific glossaries for various types of gardening, such as organic gardening, hydroponics, permaculture, and container gardening. These specialized glossaries provide terms and definitions tailored to the unique practices and techniques of each type.

Can children benefit from using a gardening glossary?

Yes, absolutely, children can benefit from using a gardening glossary because it’s a great educational tool. It introduces kids to new vocabulary, enhances their understanding of the natural world, and fosters an interest in gardening and environmental stewardship.

What Are Some Tips for Using the Gardening Glossary?

Here are 3 tips for using the Gardening Glossary by Pops of Petals.
Bookmark the glossary: Having quick access to the glossary can save time and make it easier to find definitions while gardening or planning your garden.
Join a gardening group: Engaging with other gardeners can help reinforce the terms you learn and provide practical applications for them.
Practice using new terms: Try to incorporate new terms into your gardening practice to better understand and remember them.

Pops of Petals

We hope to inspire your love of flowers to take root and bloom! Pops of Petals shares simple solutions for growing gardens full of vibrant colors, busy pollinators, and the sweet fragrance of nature. We're delighted to have you grow with us.

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